Monocots

Monocots

Early in the development of flowering plants, a new class split off from the magnolias. These plants sprout with just one embryonic leaf (cotyledon) instead of two, and their leaves tend to be long and narrow with parallel veins instead of a single major vein with auxiliary veins branching from it. They have three or six flower petals instead of four of five, and no easy way to thicken their stems, Some suspect they first developed as aquatic plants.

Formerly these plants were catagorized as "Lilies" (class Liliopsida), but the genetically based AGP system has been unkind to lilies, They have been demoted to a minor order on the same level as asparagus (formerly a member of the lily order) and most of their former members now belong to asparagus or other orders.

Magnolias

Ingredients

Family Tree

Only lineages used for food are listed here, there are many more that provide nothing edible.
Classification follows APG II/III system.

Clade monocots

Order Asparagales
- Family Amaryllidaceae (Amaryllus)
  - Subfamily Allioideae; Genus Allium - Onions
- Family Asparagaceae
  - Subfamily Asparagoideae; Genus Asparagus - Asparagus officinalis
  - Subfamily Scilloideae; Genus Muscari comosum - tufted grape hyacinth
  - Subfamily Agavoideae
    - Genus Agave; A. tequilana
    - Genus Camassia; C scilloides - Quamash Camas
    - Genus Hosta; var species - Urui
    - Genus Yucca, also Genus Hesperoyucca
  - Subfamily Nolinoideae Genus Dasylirion: D. wheeleri - Sotol
- Family Iridaceae (Iris)
  - Genus Crocus - Safron (C. sativus.)
  - Genus Iris - Orris Root (I. germanica)
- Family Orchidaceae
  - Genus Orchis - Salep
  - Genus Vanilla - Vanilla
- Family Xanthorrhoeaceae
  - Subfamily Asphodeloideae: Genus Aloe - Aloe (A. vera)
  - Subfamily Hemerocallidoideae: Genus Hemerocallis - Day Lilly (H. fulva, H. lilioasphodelus)
Order Alismatales
- Family Aracea: Arums
- Family Alismataceae: Genus Sagittaria latifolia, S. sagittifolia - Arrowhead.
Order Liliales (Lilies)
- Family Liliaceae
  - Genus Lilium: L. davidii, L. brownii
  - Genus Erythronium: E. japonicum
Order Alismatales
- Family Alismataceae - Water-plantains
  - Genus/spc. Sagittaria sagittifolia - Arrowhead

Order Pandanales
- Family Pandanaceae
  - Genus/spc.Pandanus amaryllifolius - Pandanus - screwpine

Order Acorales
- Family Acoraceae
  - Genus/spc.Acorus.americanus, A. calamus - Sweet Flag

Clade commelinids

Order Poales
- Family Poaceae - True grasses
  - Genus Hordeum - Barley
  - Genus Zea - Corn
  - Genus Avena - Oats
  - Genus Oryza - Rice
  - Genus Saccharum - Sugar Cane
  - Genus Secale - Rye
  - Genus Sorghum - Sorghum
  - Genus Triticum - Wheat
  - Subfamily Bambusoideae - Bamboo
  - Subfamily Panicoideae - Millet
- Family Bromeliaceae - Bromeliads
  - Genus/spc. Ananas comosus - Pineapple

Order Zingiberales
- Family Zingiberaceae
  - Genus Zingiber
    - Z. officinale - Ginger
    - Z. mioga - Myoga
  - Genus Curcuma
    - Curcuma Longa - Turmeric
  - Genus Alpinia
    - A. galanga - Greater Galangal
    - A. officinarum - Lesser Galangal
  - Genus Amomum
    - A. cardamom - Black Cardamom
    - A. nutns - Siam Cardamom
  - Genus/spc. Elettaria cardamomum - Green Cardamom
  - Genus/spc. Boesenbergia rotunda - Krachai (Rhizome)
- Family Marantaceae - Water-plantains
  - Genus/spc. Mantara anundinacea - Arrowroot
  - Genus Musa
    - M. paradisiaca sapientum - Banana
    - M. acuminata - Dwarf Banana
    - M. textilis - Manilla Hemp
  - Genus/spc. Ensete ventricosum - False Banana
- Family Musaceae
  - Genus/spc. Mantara anundinacea - Arrowroot

Order Arecales
- Family Arecaceae - Palms
  - Genus/spc. Cocos nucifera - Coconut
  - Genus/spc. Bactris gasipaes - Peach Palm - (hearts of palm)
  - Genus/spc. Borassus flabellifer - Palmyra Palm - Toddy Palm, Sugar Palm
  - Genus/spc. Elaeis oleifera, E. guineensis - Oil Palm
  - Genus/spc. Euterpe oleracea, E. precatoria. - Assai Palm (hearts of palm)
  - Genus/spc. Metroxylon sagu - Sago Palm
  - Genus/spc. Phoenix dactylifera - Date Palm
  - Genus/spc. Salacca zalacca - Salak Palm
  - Genus/spc. Areca catechu - Betel palm

Family Tree

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